Recording medium and a recording system for the recording medium

ABSTRACT

A recording/reproducing medium having grooves, a land formed between the grooves, and land prepits formed on the land in which each of said land prepits has a most optimum design condition where a ratio (LLP Level/offset) between a voltage amplitude (LLP Level) of a land prepit detection signal and an offset level (offset) of an RF signal becomes more than about or where an amplitude change of an RF signal through the land prepit becomes minimum. The recording/reproducing medium can be one of a DVD-R and a DVD-RW.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a recording medium and arecording and reproducing system for the recording medium.

[0002] Heretofore, there is known the DVD (digital versatile disc),theDVD-R (DVD WRITE ONCE) and the DVD-RW (DVD-Re-Writable) as therewritable disc.

[0003] As shown in the Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.9-17029, the DVD-R or DVD-RW (hereinafter called DVD) has a spiral orco-axial groove for recording information, a land between the groovesand a plurality of land prepits formed between the grooves. The landprepit is provided with various sets of information such as the address.

[0004] In such a disc, it is possible to read the information recordedon the groove and the information recorded on the land prepit at thesame time.

[0005] However, there is a problem that signals reproduced from theinformation recorded on land prepits affect the RF signal reproducedfrom the information recorded on the groove as offset.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide a recordingmedium wherein information recorded on the groove and the land prepitcan be accurately read out and a system capable of recording andreproducing with accuracy.

[0007] According to the present invention, there is provided a recordingmedium having a circular substrate, grooves formed on the substrate, aland formed between the grooves, a plurality of land prepits formedbetween the grooves, wherein the groove and the land prepit are formedso as to satisfy a following formula,

Gw/(λ/NA)=0.2093{Lp/(λ/NA)}²−0.4342Lp/(λ/NA)+0.332

[0008] where Gw is the width of the groove, Lp is the length of the landprepit in a radial direction of the substrate, Gd is the depth of thegroove, λ is the wave length of light used in a system for recordinginformation on the recording medium, and NA is the numerical aperture ofan objective in the system.

[0009] The present invention further provides a recording medium havinga circular substrate, grooves formed on the substrate, a land formedbetween the grooves, a plurality of land prepits formed between thegrooves, wherein the groove and the land prepit are formed so as tosatisfy following formulae;G  w/(λ/N  A) ≧ 0.2093{L  p/(λ/N  A)}² − 0.4342L  p/(λ/N  A) + 0.332 − (−2.64G  d + 0.1276)G  w/(λ/N  A) ≦ 0.2093{L  p/(λ/N  A)}² − 0.4342L  p/(λ/N  A) + 0.332 + (−4.48G  d + 0.2112)

[0010] where Gw is the width of the groove, Lp is the length of the landprepit in a radial direction of the substrate, Gd is the depth of thegroove, λ is the wave length of light used in a system for recordinginformation on the recording medium, and NA is the numerical aperture ofan objective in the system.

[0011] The present invention still further provides a system ofrecording a medium having a circular substrate, grooves formed on thesubstrate, a land formed between the grooves, a plurality of landprepits formed between the grooves, wherein a wavelength of light forrecording information on the medium and a numerical aperture of anobjective of the system are provided so as to satisfy followingformulae,G  w/(λ/N  A) ≧ 0.2093{L  p/(λ/N  A)}² − 0.4342L  p/(λ/N  A) + 0.332 − (−2.64G  d + 0.1276)G  w/(λ/N  A) ≦ 0.2093{L  p/(λ/N  A)}² − 0.4342L  p/(λ/N  A) + 0.332 + (−4.48G  d + 0.2112)

[0012] where Gw is the width of the groove, Lp is the length of the landprepit in a radial direction of the substrate, Gd is the depth of thegroove.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013]FIG. 1a is a perspective view of an optical DVD for explaining thepresent invention;

[0014]FIG. 1b is a sectional view of the disc of FIG. 1a;

[0015]FIG. 2a is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the disc;

[0016]FIG. 2b is a block diagram of a reproducing system;

[0017]FIGS. 3a through 3 c are graphs showing waveforms of a land prepitdetection signal and an RF signal;

[0018]FIGS. 4a through 4 c are graphs showing waveforms of a land prepitdetection signal and an RF signal detected from recorded mediums; and

[0019]FIGS. 5 through 13 are graphs for determining optimum conditionsfor the land prepit are the groove of the medium.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0020] Referring to FIGS. 1a and 1 b, the DVD has a transparent plasticsubstrate 4 made of polycarbonate. On the substrate 4, there is formedgrooves 1 arranged in the circumferential direction DC, lands 2 betweenthe grooves 1, and land prepits 3 on the land 2 formed at predeterminedintervals.

[0021] Information such as video data or audio data is recorded in thegroove, and information such as address is recorded in the prepit.

[0022] On the underside of the substrate 4, there is formed a recordinglayer 5 of organic coloring matter or inorganic metal, a reflectionlayer 6 and a protecting layer 7. The laser light is applied to thegroove passing through an objective 8.

[0023] In accordance with the present invention, the width Gw of thegroove 1, the length Lp of the land prepit in the circumferentialdirection, and the depth Gd of the groove are determined to particularvalues as described hereinafter.

[0024] Referring to FIG. 1 showing a part of the DVD and FIG. 2b showinga reproducing system for the DVD, a light spot SP has a diameter largerthan the width Gw of the groove 1 and disposed so that the center of thespot coincides with the center line of the groove 1. Thus, informationrecorded on the land prepit 3 can also be read as shown in FIG. 2a.

[0025] The reproducing system has a photodetector 9 comprising fourelements 9A, 9B, 9C and 9D for receiving the light reflected from thedisc, and adding and subtracting circuits 10 and 11 and an adder 12. Thespot of the reflected light is positioned such that the center of thespot coincides with the center of the photodetector 9.

[0026] Here, the areas A and D in FIG. 2a read the information on thegroove 1, and areas B and C read information on the groove 1 and landprepit 3. The photodetector 9 produces signals A, B, C and Dcorresponding to the areas A-D.

[0027] The adding and subtracting circuit 10 produces a land prepitsignal SLp=(A+D)−(B+C), the adding and subtracting circuit 11 produces atracking error signal STE=(A+D)−(B+C), and the adder 12 produces an RFsignal SRF =A+B+C+D.

[0028]FIGS. 3a, 3 b, 3 c show results of reproduction experiments of theDVD-RW, where amplitude change of the land prepit signal SLp and the RFsignal SRF under the condition that the wavelength X of the spot SP andthe numerical aperture NA are constant.

[0029] In the experiment of FIG. 3a, the prepit length Lp is 0.3 μm andthe groove width Gw is 0.25 μm, in FIG. 3b the prepit length Lp is 0.3μm, the groove width Gw is 0.3 μm, and in FIG. 3c Lp=0.3 μm, Gw=0.4 μm.

[0030] From the graphs, it will be understood that the voltageamplitudes of the signals SLp and SRF at the irradiation time t changewith the prepit length Lp and the groove width Gw.

[0031]FIGS. 4a, 4 b and 4 c show results of experiments of the DVD-RW inwhich information is recorded in the groove. The conditions are the sameas those of FIGS. 3a-3 c.

[0032] From the graphs, it will be understood that the voltageamplitudes of the signals SLp and SRF at the irradiation time changewith the prepit length Lp and the groove width Gw.

[0033] In accordance with the present invention, the groove width Gw,the prepit length Lp and the groove depth Gp are determined to optimumvalues as follows.

[0034] The groove width Gw, prepit length Lp, groove depth Gd, numericalaperture NA and wavelength X are determined so that the ratio Gw/(λ/NA)of the groove width Gw to spot diameter λ/NA is set to satisfy both offollowing formulae (1) and (2). The ratio λ/NA of the wavelength λ tothe numerical aperture NA indicates a diameter d of spot SP.$\begin{matrix}{{G\quad {w/\left( {{\lambda/N}\quad A} \right)}} \geqq {{0.2093\left\{ {L\quad {p/\left( {{\lambda/N}\quad A} \right)}} \right\}^{2}} - {0.4342L\quad {p/\left( {{\lambda/N}\quad A} \right)}} + 0.332 - \left( {{{- 2.64}G\quad d} + 0.1276} \right)}} & (1) \\{{G\quad {w/\left( {{\lambda/N}\quad A} \right)}} \leqq {{0.2093\left\{ {L\quad {p/\left( {{\lambda/N}\quad A} \right)}} \right\}^{2}} - {0.4342L\quad {p/\left( {{\lambda/N}\quad A} \right)}} + 0.332 + \left( {{{- 4.48}G\quad d} + 0.2112} \right)}} & (2)\end{matrix}$

[0035] An optimum design of the DVD can be obtained by satisfying theabove conditions. Namely, it is possible to detect the RF signal SRE andprepit signal SLp with high accuracy, even if the spot irradiates thegroove and prepit.

[0036] The formulae (1) and (2) are verified with reference to FIGS. 5through 13.

[0037] FIGS. 5-8 show results of experiments wherein detection accuracyof the land prepit signal SRF changes with the groove width Gw, prepitlength Lp, groove depth Gd, wavelength λ and numerical aperture NA.

[0038] In the graph, the abscissa is the ratio Gw/(λ/NA) of diameterλ/NA to the groove width Gw, and the ordinate is the ratio LPPlevel/offset of the voltage amplitude of the land prepit signal SLp (LPPlevel) to the offset level (offset) of the RF signal SRF. In addition,the groove depth Gd and the prepit length Lp are changed.

[0039] The offset level (offset) is a parameter obtained bystandardizing the alternating current component of the RF signal SRF ofFIGS. 3a-3 c with the direct current component of the signal SRF, andthe voltage amplitude (LPP level) is a parameter obtained bystandardizing the land prepit signal SLp with the direct currentcomponent of the RF signal SRF.

[0040] If the alternating current of the RF signal SRF is expressed bySRF (AC), the offset level (offset) is expressed by the followingformula (3), voltage amplitude (LPP level) is expressed by the formula(4), and the ratio (LPP level/offset) is expressed by the formula (5).

offset=(SRF(AC)/SRF)  (3)

LPP level=(SLP/SRF)  (4)

LPP level/offset=(SLP/SRF(AC))  (5)

[0041] In FIGS. 5-8, the groove depth Gd is changed between 20 μm-35 μmby 5 μm. In FIG. 5, Lp/(λ/NA)=0.128, Lp/(λ/NA)=0.2515 in FIG. 6, 0.3815in FIG. 7, 0.505 in FIG. 8.

[0042] It is confirmed that the optimum design in the condition when thevalue of LPP level/offset indicating the detecting accuracy of the landprepit detection signal SLp and RF signal SRF is about 10, namely LPPlevel/offset 10.

[0043] FIGS. 9-12 show the relationship between Lp/(λ/NA) and Gw/(λ/NA)with the parameter of the groove depth Gd.

[0044] The line Gwo in FIGS. 9-12 is a line obtained by plotting pointswhere the value of LPP level/offset in FIGS. 5-8 becomes maximum, andthe line G+ and line G− are lines obtained by plotting points where LPPlevel/offset becomes about 10. Further, the line G+ is the case whereLPP level/offset becomes 10 in the right side of FIGS. 5-8, the line G−is the case where LPP level/offset becomes 10 in the left side of FIGS.5-8.

[0045] Therefore, it is understood that the ranges Gw+ and Gw− betweenthe lines G+ and G− is the optimum design conditions. The line Gwo doesnot largely change, it can be expressed by the following formula (6).

Gw/(λ/NA)=0.2093{Lp/(λ/NA)}²−0.4342Lp/(λ/NA)+0.332  (6)

[0046] The formula (6) shows the most optimum condition. The lines G+and G− is approximately equal to lines formed by parallely moving theline Gwo.

[0047]FIG. 13 shows the relationship between the groove depth Gd andGw+/(λ/NA) and the relationship between the groove depth Gd andGw−/(λ/NA) in which the parallel moving quantities are set to the rangesGw+ and Gw−. The range between the lines Gw+ and Gw− is the optimumdesign condition. The lines Gw+ and Gw− in FIG. 13 are expressed byfollowing formulae (7) and (8)

Gw/(λ/NA)=−4.48Gd+0.2112  (7)

Gw/(λ/NA)=−2.64Gd+0.1276  (8)

[0048] The above described formulae (1) and (2) are obtained byobtaining the range between the lines Gw+ and Gw−.

[0049] In accordance with the present invention, the groove width,groove depth and the prepit length are set to values based on optimumconditions for preventing the land prepit from affecting the detected RFsignal. And, in accordance with the present invention, the wavelength oflaser light and the numeral aperture are set to values based optimumconditions, also. Therefore, it is possible to detect informationrecorded on the groove and the land prepit with accuracy.

[0050] While the invention has been described in conjunction withpreferred specific embodiment thereof, it will be understood that thisdescription is intended to illustrate and not limit the scope of theinvention, which is defined by the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A recording/reproducing medium having grooves, aland formed between the grooves, and land prepits formed on the land,wherein each of said land prepits has a most optimum design conditionwhere a ratio (LLP Level/offset) between a voltage amplitude (LLP Level)of a land prepit detection signal and an offset level (offset) of an RFsignal becomes more than about
 10. 2. The recording/reproducing mediumaccording to claim 1, wherein each of said land prepits is formed sothat the ratio (LLP Level/offset) between a voltage amplitude (LLPLevel) of a land prepit detection signal and an offset level (offset) ofan RF signal becomes maximum.
 3. The recording/reproducing mediumaccording to claim 1, wherein the recording/reproducing medium is one ofa DVD-R and a DVD-RW.
 4. A recording /reproducing medium having grooves,a land formed between the grooves, and land prepits formed on the land,wherein each of said land prepits has a most optimum design conditionwhere an amplitude change of an RF signal through the land prepitbecomes minimum.
 5. The recording/reproducing medium according to claim4, wherein the recording/reproducing medium is one of a DVD-R and aDVD-RW.